„Die Gesellschaft findet nun einmal nicht ihr Gleichgewicht, bis sie sich um die Sonne der Arbeit dreht.“
Nachwort zu Enthüllungen über den Kommunisten-Prozeß zu Köln. MEW 18, S. 570
Andere Werke
Zitate Karl Marx
„Die Wahlphilosophie der Parlamentskandidaten besteht demnach einfach darin, dass sie ihrer linken Hand erlauben, nicht zu wissen, was ihre rechte Hand tut, und so waschen sie beide Hände in Unschuld. Ihre Hosentaschen zu öffnen, keine Fragen zu stellen und an die allgemeine Tugend der Menschheit zu glauben - das dient ihren Absichten am allerbesten.“
Wahlkorruption in England. MEW 13, S. 527, 1859
Andere Werke
„Die Anarchie, das ist das große Paradepferd ihres Meisters Bakunin, der von allen sozialistischen Systemen nur die Aufschriften genommen hat.“
mit Friedrich Engels: Die angeblichen Spaltungen in der Internationale. Vertrauliches Zirkular des Generalrats der Internationalen Arbeiterassoziation, 1872. MEW 18: 50
Über andere Personen
„Wenn du nur für einen Tag oder zwei dagewesen wärst, hättest du genug Material anlegen können um für ein ganzes Jahr zu lachen. Darum war ich so bestrebt dich hier zu haben. So eine Gelegenheit bekommt man nicht jeden Tag geboten.“
Über Ferdinand Lassalle, der bei Marx zu Besuch war, in einem Brief an Friedrich Engels, 1862. In selben Brief merkt Marx an, dass sich Lassalle seit seinem Aufenthalt in Zürich verändert habe. Übersetzung Wikiquote, Vgl. MEW 30, S. 257f.
engl.: "If you'd been here just for a day or two, you'd have been able to lay in enough material to keep you laughing for a whole year. That’s why I was so anxious to have you here. One doesn’t get an opportunity like that every day." - marxists.org http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1862/letters/62_07_30a.htm
Über andere Personen
„Wilhelms [ Liebknecht ] in der Beilage abgedruckter Redeteil … zeigt innerhalb der Dummheit eine nicht zu leugnende Schlauheit, sich die Sache zurechtzumachen … Das Vieh glaubt an den zukünftigen 'Staat der Demokratie'! Unterderhand ist das bald das konstitutionelle England, bald die bürgerlichen Vereinigten Staaten, bald die elende Schweiz. Von revolutionärer Politik hat 'es' keine Ahnung.“
Brief an Friedrich Engels, 1869, MEW 32, S. 360
„Die Gesamtheit dieser Produktionsverhältnisse bildet die ökonomische Struktur der Gesellschaft, die reale Basis, worauf sich ein juristischer und politischer Überbau erhebt und welcher bestimmte gesellschaftliche Bewußtseinsformen entsprechen. Die Produktionsweise des materiellen Lebens bedingt den sozialen, politischen und geistigen Lebensprozeß überhaupt. Es ist nicht das Bewußtsein der Menschen, das ihr Sein, sondern umgekehrt ihr gesellschaftliches Sein, das ihr Bewußtsein bestimmt. Auf einer gewissen Stufe ihrer Entwicklung geraten die materiellen Produktivkräfte der Gesellschaft in Widerspruch mit den vorhandenen Produktionsverhältnissen oder, was nur ein juristischer Ausdruck dafür ist, mit den Eigentumsverhältnissen, innerhalb deren sie sich bisher bewegt hatten.“
— Karl Marx, buch Zur Kritik der politischen Ökonomie
A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy
„Was ich neu tat, war 1. nachzuweisen, dass die Existenz der Klassen bloß an bestimmte historische Entwicklungsphasen der Produktion gebunden ist; 2. dass der Klassenkampf notwendig zur Diktatur des Proletariats führt; 3. dass diese Diktatur selbst nur den Übergang zur Aufhebung aller Klassen und zur klassenlosen Gesellschaft bildet.“
an Joseph Weydemeyer, 15. März 1852
Aus Privatbriefen
„Unser Wahlspruch muss also sein: Reform des Bewusstseins nicht durch Dogmen, sondern durch Analysirung des mystischen sich selbst unklaren Bewusstseins, trete es nun religiös oder politisch auf. Es wird sich dann zeigen, dass die Welt längst den Traum von einer Sache besitzt, von dem sie nur das Bewusstsein besitzen muss, um sie wirklich zu besitzen.“
Ein Briefwechsel von 1843: Brief an [[w:Arnold Ruge|Arnold
Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher (1844), Ein Briefwechsel von 1843
„Für die Welt arbeiten.“
Paul Lafargue in: Karl Marx, Persönliche Erinnerungen, 1890, Abschnitt 1
Zugeschrieben
„Communism… is the genuine resolution of the antagonism between man and nature and between man and man; it is the true resolution of the conflict between existence and essence, objectification and self-affirmation, freedom and necessity, individual and species. It is the riddle of history solved and knows itself as the solution.“
— Karl Marx, buch Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte aus dem Jahre 1844
Private Property and Communism, p. 43.
Paris Manuscripts (1844)
„The oppressed are allowed once every few years to decide which particular representatives of the oppressing class shall represent and repress them in parliament.“
Actually from State and Revolution by Vladimir Lenin, paraphrasing Marx in The Civil War in France.
Misattributed
„The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways. The point, however, is to change it.“
Die Philosophen haben die Welt nur verschieden interpretirt; es kommt aber darauf an, sie zu verändern.
http://books.google.com/books?id=xyc9AAAAYAAJ&q=%22Die+Philosophen+haben+die+Welt+nur+verschieden%22+%22es+kommt+aber+darauf+an+sie+zu+ver%C3%A4ndern%22&pg=PA72#v=onepage
"Theses on Feuerbach" (1845), Thesis 11, Marx Engels Selected Works,(MESW), Volume I, p. 15; these words are also engraved upon his grave.
First published as an appendix to the pamphlet Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy by Friedrich Engels (1886)
Quelle: Eleven Theses on Feuerbach
„Communism differs from all previous movements in that it overturns the basis of all earlier relations of production and intercourse, and for the first time consciously treats all natural premises as the creatures of hitherto existing men, strips them of their natural character and subjugates them to the power of the united individuals.“
— Karl Marx, buch Die deutsche Ideologie
Vol. I, Part 4.
The German Ideology (1845/46)
Kontext: Communism differs from all previous movements in that it overturns the basis of all earlier relations of production and intercourse, and for the first time consciously treats all natural premises as the creatures of hitherto existing men, strips them of their natural character and subjugates them to the power of the united individuals. Its organisation is, therefore, essentially economic, the material production of the conditions of this unity; it turns existing conditions into conditions of unity. The reality, which communism is creating, is precisely the true basis for rendering it impossible that anything should exist independently of individuals, insofar as reality is only a product of the preceding intercourse of individuals themselves.
„The production of ideas, of conceptions, of consciousness, is at first directly interwoven with the material activity and the material intercourse of men, the language of real life.“
— Karl Marx, buch Die deutsche Ideologie
The German Ideology (1845/46)
Kontext: The fact is, therefore, that definite individuals who are productively active in a definite way enter into these definite social and political relations. Empirical observation must in each separate instance bring out empirically, and without any mystification and speculation, the connection of the social and political structure with production. The social structure and the state are continually evolving out of the life-process of definite individuals, but of individuals, not as they appear in their own or other people's imagination, but as they really are; i. e. as they are effective, produce materially, and are active under definite material limits, presuppositions and conditions independent of their will.
The production of ideas, of conceptions, of consciousness, is at first directly interwoven with the material activity and the material intercourse of men, the language of real life. Conceiving, thinking, the mental intercourse of men, appear at this stage as the direct efflux of their material behaviour. The same applies to mental production as expressed in the language of the politics, laws, morality, religion, metaphysics of a people. Men are the producers of their conception, ideas, etc. — real, active men, as they are conditioned by a definite development of their productive forces and of the intercourse corresponding to these, up to its furthest forms. Consciousness can never be anything else than conscious existence, and the existence of men is their actual life-process. If in all ideology men and their circumstances appear upside down as in a camera obscura, this phenomenon arises just as much from their historical life-process as the inversion of objects on the retina does from their physical life-process.
„Feuerbach is the only one who has a serious, critical attitude to the Hegelian dialectic and who has made genuine discoveries in this field.“
— Karl Marx, buch Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte aus dem Jahre 1844
Critique of the Hegelian Dialectic and Philosophy as a Whole, p. 64.
Paris Manuscripts (1844)
Kontext: Feuerbach is the only one who has a serious, critical attitude to the Hegelian dialectic and who has made genuine discoveries in this field. He is in fact the true conqueror of the old philosophy. The extent of his achievement, and the unpretentious simplicity with which he, Feuerbach, gives it to the world, stand in striking contrast to the opposite attitude (of the others). Feuerbach’s great achievement is: (1) The proof that philosophy is nothing else but religion rendered into thought and expounded by thought, i. e., another form and manner of existence of the estrangement of the essence of man; hence equally to be condemned;(2) The establishment of true materialism and of real science, by making the social relationship of “man to man” the basic principle of the theory; (3) His opposing of the negation of the negation, which claims to be the absolute positive, the self-supporting positive, positively based on itself.
„Private property has made us so stupid and one-sided that an object is only ours when we have it, when it exists for us as capital“
Early Writings, translated and ed. by , p. 159. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/epm/3rd.htm
Kontext: Private property has made us so stupid and one-sided that an object is only ours when we have it, when it exists for us as capital or when we directly possess, eat, drink, wear, inhabit it, etc., in short, when we use it. Although private property conceives all these immediate realizations of possession only as means of life; and the life they serve is the life of private property, labor, and capitalization. Therefore all the physical and intellectual senses have been replaced by the simple estrangement of all these senses – the sense of having. So that it might give birth to its inner wealth, human nature had to be reduced to this absolute poverty.
„His latest proclamation, which is drafted in the same style, the manifesto abolishing slavery, is the most important document in American history since the establishment of the Union, tantamount to the tearing up of the old American Constitution.“
Comments on the North American Events (1862)
Kontext: Lincoln’s proclamation is even more important than the. Lincoln is a sui generis figure in the annals of history. He has no initiative, no idealistic impetus, cothurnus, no historical trappings. He gives his most important actions always the most commonplace form. Other people claim to be “fighting for an idea”, when it is for them a matter of square feet of land. Lincoln, even when he is motivated by, an idea, talks about “square feet”. He sings the bravura aria of his part hesitatively, reluctantly and unwillingly, as though apologising for being compelled by circumstances “to act the lion”. The most redoubtable decrees — which will always remain remarkable historical documents-flung by him at the enemy all look like, and are intended to look like, routine summonses sent by a lawyer to the lawyer of the opposing party, legal chicaneries, involved, hidebound actiones juris. His latest proclamation, which is drafted in the same style, the manifesto abolishing slavery, is the most important document in American history since the establishment of the Union, tantamount to the tearing up of the old American Constitution.
„The development of fixed capital indicates in still another respect the degree of development of wealth generally, or of capital…“
— Karl Marx, buch Grundrisse der Kritik der politischen Ökonomie
Notebook VII, The Chapter on Capital, pp. 628–629.
Grundrisse (1857/58)
Kontext: The development of fixed capital indicates in still another respect the degree of development of wealth generally, or of capital…
The creation of a large quantity of disposable time apart from necessary labour time for society generally and each of its members (i. e. room for the development of the individuals’ full productive forces, hence those of society also), this creation of not-labour time appears in the stage of capital, as of all earlier ones, as not-labour time, free time, for a few. What capital adds is that it increases the surplus labour time of the mass by all the means of art and science, because its wealth consists directly in the appropriation of surplus labour time; since value directly its purpose, not use value. It is thus, despite itself, instrumental in creating the means of social disposable time, in order to reduce labour time for the whole society to a diminishing minimum, and thus to free everyone’s time for their own development. But its tendency always, on the one side, to create disposable time, on the other, to convert it into surplus labour...
The mass of workers must themselves appropriate their own surplus labour. Once they have done so – and disposable time thereby ceases to have an antithetical existence – then, on one side, necessary labour time will be measured by the needs of the social individual, and, on the other, the development of the power of social production will grow so rapidly that, even though production is now calculated for the wealth of all, disposable time will grow for all. For real wealth is the developed productive power of all individuals. The measure of wealth is then not any longer, in any way, labour time, but rather disposable time. Labour time as the measure of value posits wealth itself as founded on poverty, and disposable time as existing in and because of the antithesis to surplus labour time; or, the positing of an individual’s entire time as labour time, and his degradation therefore to mere worker, subsumption under labour. The most developed machinery thus forces the worker to work longer than the savage does, or than he himself did with the simplest, crudest tools.
