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James Doyne Farmer Jr. ist ein US-amerikanischer Physiker, der sich mit Chaostheorie und Physik komplexer Systeme beschäftigt.

Farmer wuchs in Silver City, New Mexico, auf, studierte Physik an der University of Idaho , an der Stanford University und der University of California, Santa Cruz, wo er 1981 promovierte. In Santa Cruz war er mit einigen Kommilitonen wie Norman Packard Teil einer Gruppe von Studenten, die Pionierarbeit in der Chaostheorie leistete. Nach dem Studium schloss er sich 1981 der Gruppe für nichtlineare Dynamik am Los Alamos National Laboratory an, 1983 bis 1986 als Oppenheimer Fellow, danach als festes Mitglied des Labors. Ab 1988 leitete er dessen Gruppe für die Theorie komplexer Systeme.

1991 ging er in die Privatwirtschaft und gründete mit Norman Packard und Jim McGill die Firma „Prediction company“, um die Chaostheorie im Aktien- und Derivatehandel anzuwenden, speziell für automatisierte Handelsabläufe. Bis 1999 war er dort Chef-Wissenschaftler und 1995 bis 1999 Ko-Präsident. Die Firma wurde später an UBS verkauft.

Er ist seit 1999 Professor am Santa Fe Institute und auch am Atalaya-Institut in Santa Fe, das er mit gründete. 2007 bis 2009 war er außerordentlicher Professor an der LUISS Guido Carli in Rom.

Anfang der 1980er Jahre wurde er durch Arbeiten über die Dimension von Strange Attractors aus Zeitreihenanalysen und ähnliche Arbeiten der Chaosphysik bekannt. Später befasste er sich auch mit Anwendungen in der Biologie und Biochemie.

Als Student war er Ende der 1970er Jahre mit seinem Kommilitonen Norman Packard, Robert Shaw und anderen an der Entwicklung von auf physikalischen Prinzipien der durch einen kleinen tragbaren Computer erzielten wahrscheinlichen Vorhersage der Bewegung der Roulettekugel beruhenden Roulette-Systemen beteiligt, die sie auch in Las Vegas erprobten. Darüber erschien auch ein Buch von Thomas Bass. Technische Probleme verhinderten damals allerdings nach eigenem Bekunden eine Umsetzung in größerem Umfang.

✵ 22. Juni 1952
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J. Doyne Farmer: Zitate auf Englisch

“The paradox that immediately bothers everyone who learns about the second law is this: If systems tend to become more disordered, why, then, do we see so much order around us? …It seems to conflict with our "creation myth": In the beginning, there was a big bang. …no one is saying that the second law of thermodynamics is wrong, just that there is a contrapuntal process organizing things at a higher level.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“We don't know what organization is. …We do know that complex adaptive systems have to be nonlinear and capable of storing information. …We know a little bit about what distinguishes an adaptive complex system from a nonadaptive system, such as turbulent fluid flow.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“If we choose, we can use genetic engineering to alter the character of our offspring. …the motivation to do this will eventually become overwhelming.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“Even though something like Danny Hillis' "connection machine" is big, it's nothing compared with Avogadro's number of processors that nature has at her disposal.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“Our goal is to build a broad-based model of key components of the economy: households, firms, banks and government… The failure to embrace things like simulation has inhibited progress in economics.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

As quoted by Stephen Foley, " Physicists and the financial markets http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/8461f5e6-35f5-11e3-952b-00144feab7de.html#axzz2j7a3dBoP" Financial Times Magazine (Oct18, 2013) ref: the CRISIS Project http://www.crisis-economics.eu/.

“Complex adaptive systems have the property that if you run them—by just letting the mathematical variable of "time" go forward—they'll naturally progress from chaotic, disorganized, undifferentiated, independent states to organized, highly differentiated, and highly interdependent states. Organized structures emerge spontaneously… A weak system gives rise only to simpler forms of self-organization; a strong one gives rise to more complex forms, like life.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“Once we can manipulate our genome, Lamarckian fashion, the rate of change will be staggering.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“In a world of superintelligent humans, the account of a quest to prove a theorem may take on a universality in its drama that seems inconceivable to us now. I believe that rational adventure is fundamental to the human spirit, and that it won't go away. But it will evolve of necessity to take place in the increasingly abstract domains that characterize the boundaries and frontiers of an evolving and ever more complex and abstract world. As a result, it will evolve into forms that are difficult for us to even think about at this point in time.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

"The evolution of adventure in literature and life or Will there ever be a good adventure novel about an astronaut?"

“We're rapidly creating an extraordinary silicon-based petri dish for evolution of intelligence. By the year 2025… we're likely to have computers whose raw processing power exceeds that of the human brain. Also, we're likely to have more computers than people…”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“Speaking crudely, a living system—an organism—consists of a symbiotic relationship between a metabolism and a replicator. …the replicator contains the blueprint of the organism, with the information needed to grow, make repairs, and reproduce. …the metabolism provides the energy and raw materials needed to build and run the replicator.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“One of the factors that caused Spencer's ideas to lose popularity was social Darwinism… Social evolution is different from biological evolution: it's faster, it's Lamarckian, and it makes even heavier use of altruism and cooperation than biological evolution does. None of this was well understood at the time.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“The basic principle of an autocatalytic network is that even though nothing can make itself, everything in the pot has at least one reaction that makes it, involving only other things in the pot. It's a symbiotic system in which everything cooperates to make the metabolism work—the whole is greater than the sum of the parts.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“Rational adventure in a physical setting is becoming increasingly rarer in the world. The evolution of technology and infrastructure has altered the kind of adventures that we can have, so that people with adventurous spirits either take on risk for its own sake, or they embark on rational adventures in the mental domain.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

" The evolution of adventure in literature and life or Will there ever be a good adventure novel about an astronaut? http://tuvalu.santafe.edu/~jdf/papers/adventure4.pdf".

“On learning more astronomy, in the phenomenon of "averted vision," I found a justification for my rationale about the roundabout path to metaphysics via physics: to see a faint star, it's necessary to look away from it; as soon as one looks at it directly, it vanishes.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

“It seemed that fundamental physics was stuck. The particle physicists were smashing particles into each other with ever increasing force, trying to figure out how many quarks could dance on the head of a pin. The cosmologists were working with very few facts… on what seemed to me to be mainly religious grounds. And most of physics was still focused on pushing and pulling, on the material properties… rather than on its informational properties. …those that relate to order and disorder.”

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J. Doyne Farmer

The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution (1995)

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