Zitate von Eduardo Torroja Miret

Eduardo Torroja Miret Foto
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Eduardo Torroja Miret

Geburtstag: 27. August 1899
Todesdatum: 15. Juni 1961

Eduardo Torroja Miret war ein spanischer Bauingenieur.



Eduardo Torroja schloss 1923 sein Studium des Bauingenieurwesens mit Diplom ab. 1939 wurde er als Professor an die Escuela de Caminos in Madrid berufen und zum Direktor des Instituto Técnico de la Construcción y del Cemento ernannt. 1959 gründete er die International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures .

Er war wegweisend an der Entwicklung des Betonschalenbaus beteiligt. Zu seinen bekanntesten Bauwerken gehören die Tribünen der Pferderennbahn Hipódromo de la Zarzuela in Madrid von 1941 mit horizontaler Kragarmkonstruktion der Dächer aus segmentförmig gekurvten Stahlbetonschalen. Wikipedia

Zitate Eduardo Torroja Miret

„[S]tresses in one direction produce not only a deformation along this direction but also transversally, the relation of both being expressed by the so-called Poisson ratio. However, the consideration… is of no great importance for the first, approximate judgement.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„The variety of exterior forms in concrete is limited only by the cost of forming; and its thickness is limited only by the size of aggregates, gravel, and sand.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Bricks are considered to be the first material created by human intelligence from the four elements: earth, air, water, and fire. …The great variety of designs and effects that artists of the past, especially the Arabs… were able to create in their brickwork, assembled with an element so monotonous… can be compared only with the beauty and attractiveness a romantic poet attained by adjusting his verses to the rigidity of a formal meter.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Stress phenomena are… not independent of scale, as was the case pertaining to simple external static equilibrium. …with increasing dimensions of a structural element the volume and therefore the proper weight increases more rapidly than its cross-sectional areas…“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Mathematics is merely a convenient tool by which the designer determines the physical proportions and details of a planned structure in order to transform his ideas… to the actuality of a finished structure.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„If you lean on a straight stick… [it] can resist your weight, despite its slenderness, as long as it remains straight; once it starts to bend, it will easily break. The danger of breaking increases with the deflection… [T]he danger of failure will diminish with the increased moment of inertia of the cross section, or if the same are of cross section should be maintained, by distributing the material in a hollow section.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„The equilibrium… in order to become static—should be steady, permanent, lasting. …This type of equilibrium… is… independent of any scale. A reduced model will show the same effects as the proper structure. Experiments on models are simple and… instrumental for understanding such structural problems.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Clay masonry, like concrete, is a "plastic" material that permits the pouring in situ of large monoliths of any shape or form, with certain limitations and by using special methods. Its economical possibilities when used in walls of popular housing, its excellent heat and sound insulation, as well as its aesthetic possibilities, should not be underestimated. Its resistance and durability can be substantially improved by using modern techniques and methods, for example, admixture of small amounts of Portland cement in accordance with granulometric investigation, petrographic composition, and rheological behaviour of all constituents.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Construction methods are… variable for each specific material.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„[E]very structure has a resistant function to fulfill… to ensure …the static equilibrium of the structure for a long period of time.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„[M]ost of our structures in the past consisted of individual members having relatively small transverse dimensions as compared with their length, and in such members stress analysis is much more simple. …[M]any modern structures consist of frameworks of this type, and frequently the word "structure" refers specifically to assemblies consisting of linear elements.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„[E]xperimental investigation of stresses in a plane structure is of great interest and merit as applied to shells with single curvature (barrel shells, pipes) and to shells with double curvature (domes, etc.). In these structures similar states of stress are produced and can be determined at any point as acting in a plane tangential to the center layer of the shell.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„In general, these phenomena are very easy to perceive and understand, but difficult to calculate. The danger of failure increases rapidly with decreasing depth or thickness of the structural member…“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Stone can effectively resist compression but is relatively weak in tension. Because of its mass and weight it may be used advantageously in structural types that can be made stable by the proper weight (dead load, gravity) and are but slightly exposed to lateral forces.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Concrete presents, besides a coefficient of thermal expansion, a coefficient of hygroscopic dilation which is more appreciable. While concrete is kept wet… it expands; and as it dries, it contracts, in inverse proportion to the hygroscopic degree of the ambient air. …The shrinkage …will vary with the porosity of the concrete and with the thickness used in the structural member. …Shrinkage is much greater in structures consisting of thin elements subjected to intemperateness of dry climate, and disappears or becomes negligible in underground structures“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

e.g., foundations
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„The technical literature on structural engineering abounds with theoretical works of a mathematical nature, but few publications are concerned with the various kinds of structures or the fundamental reasons for their existence.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Equilibrium requires that the whole of the structure, the form of its elements, and the means of interconnection be so combined that at the supports there will automatically be produced passive forces or reactions that are able to balance the forces acting upon the structures, including the force of its own weight.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„The material in all elementary parts of a structure must have the properties of resistence to all internal forces produced by general loading conditions and by the action of any exterior force.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Even children know that drafting rule is easier to bend flat than across the edges; and… they will not be much surprised if told that for the same width of the rule its resistance is proportional to the square of the thickness and the deflection is inversely proportional to the cube of the thickness. Nevertheless some modern designers seem to be unaware… since they require… beams of such slenderness that they resemble springboards…“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

„Before a man can successfully plan a structure… he must study, from every possible angle, the ultimate purpose of his building. Attention must be directed to the basic structural concept before the mathematical process of calculation is undertaken.“

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—  Eduardo Torroja

p, 125
Philosophy of Structures (1958)

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