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Richard Matthew Stallman ist ein US-amerikanischer Aktivist und Programmierer. Er setzt sich für Freiheiten von Software-Endnutzern ein: die Freiheiten der Kontrolle und Kollaboration sollen den Nutzern nicht entzogen werden. Software soll so verbreitet werden, dass Nutzer beim Empfang der Software gleichzeitig die Freiheiten mitempfangen, die Software ausführen, analysieren, verbreiten und abändern zu dürfen. Software, welche diese Freiheiten sicherstellt, als Freiheits-Rechte, die zusammen mit dem Empfang der Software mitempfangen werden, nennt Stallman „Freie Software“. Für Stallman ist dies eine ethische Notwendigkeit.Durch die Gründung des GNU-Projekts und die Entwicklung des GNU C Compilers, des GNU Debuggers, verschiedener Werkzeuge der GNU coreutils und des Editors GNU Emacs galt er als einer der einflussreichsten und produktivsten Programmierer. Seit 2008 trägt er nicht mehr aktiv zur Programmierung von Software-Projekten bei, sondern ist mehr als Befürworter und Verfechter rund um Freiheitsrechte bei Software involviert .

✵ 16. März 1953
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Richard Stallman: Zitate auf Englisch

“If the users don't control the program, the program controls the users. With proprietary software, there is always some entity, the "owner" of the program, that controls the program—and through it, exercises power over its users. A nonfree program is a yoke, an instrument of unjust power.”

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Richard Stallman

Free Software Is Even More Important Now (September 2013) https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html <br class="br">2010s

“The GNU GPL is not Mr. Nice Guy. It says "no" to some of the things that people sometimes want to do. There are users who say that this is a bad thing — that the GPL "excludes" some proprietary software developers who "need to be brought into the free software community."
But we are not excluding them from our community; they are choosing not to enter. Their decision to make software proprietary is a decision to stay out of our community. Being in our community means joining in cooperation with us; we cannot "bring them into our community" if they don't want to join.
What we can do is offer them an inducement to join. The GNU GPL is designed to make an inducement from our existing software: "If you will make your software free, you can use this code."”

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Richard Stallman

Of course, it won't win 'em all, but it wins some of the time.
1990s, Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism (1998)

“The use of “hacker” to mean “security breaker” is a confusion on the part of the mass media. We hackers refuse to recognize that meaning, and continue using the word to mean someone who loves to program, someone who enjoys playful cleverness, or the combination of the two.”

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Richard Stallman

&quot;The GNU Project&quot;, originally published in Open Sources (1998) http://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html <br class="br">1990s

“The GNU GPL was not designed to be ""open source"". I wrote it for the free software movement, and its purpose is to ensure every user of every version of the program gets the essential freedoms.”

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Richard Stallman

&quot;&quot;Re: GPL version 4&quot;&quot; on NetBSD mailing list (17 July 2008) http://mail-index.netbsd.org/netbsd-users/2008/07/17/msg001546.html <br class="br">See http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html for more explanation of the difference between free software and open source. <br class="br">2000s

“People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling hand-holding services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully.”

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Richard Stallman

1980s, GNU Manifesto (1985)

“If you want to accomplish something in the world, idealism is not enough — you need to choose a method that works to achieve the goal. In other words, you need to be pragmatic.”

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Richard Stallman

1990s, Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism (1998)

“At present, we have plenty of "keep quiet", but not enough freedom talk. Most people involved with free software say little about freedom — usually because they seek to be "more acceptable to business." Software distributors especially show this pattern. Some GNU/Linŭ operating system distributions add proprietary packages to the basic free system, and they invite users to consider this an advantage, rather than a step backwards from freedom.”

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Richard Stallman

1990s, Why "Free Software" is better than "Open Source" (1998)

“C++ is a badly designed and ugly language. It would be a shame to use it in Emacs.”

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Richard Stallman

Re: Efforts to attract more users? http://harmful.cat-v.org/software/c++/rms&quot; emacs-devel (12 July 2010) <br class="br">2010s

“Friends share music with each other, they don't allow themselves to be divided by a system that says that nobody is supposed to have copies.”

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Richard Stallman

LibrePlanet Keynote Speech (2015) @20:45 https://media.libreplanet.org/u/libreplanet/m/richard-stallman-free-software-free-hardware/ <br class="br">2010s

“The part of these immigration bills that I hate most is the requirement for new forms of identification and surveillance of US citizens. I gather this is supported by nearly everyone in Congress. Orwellian surveillance is not controversial in the US, where "Land of the Free" has been replaced with "Let me see your papers."
When the US adopted a requirement for US citizens to prove their citizenship in order to get a job, I vowed I would never do so. I will never again be an employee in the US.”

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Richard Stallman

&quot;Border Patrol&quot; (26 May 2006) http://www.stallman.org/archives/2006-may-aug.html#26%20May%202006%20(Border%20Patrol) <br class="br">2000s

“Fighting patents one by one will never eliminate the danger of software patents, any more than swatting mosquitoes will eliminate malaria.”

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Richard Stallman

"How to fight software patents - singly and together", Newsforge (9 September 2004)
2000s

“No person, no idea, and no religion deserves to be illegal to insult, not even the Church of Emacs — and certainly not Islam.”

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Richard Stallman

On report of Egyptian blogger Abdel Kareem Nabil who was sentenced to four years in prison for insulting Islam and Hosni Mubarak, in [http://www.stallman.org/archives/2007-jan-apr.html &quot;Illegal to insult&quot; (1 March 2007) http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1593050,00.html?xid=rss-topstories <br class="br">2000s

“Thanks to Mr. Gates, we now know that an open Internet with protocols anyone can implement is communism; it was set up by that famous communist agent, the US Department of Defense.”

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Richard Stallman

&quot;Bill Gates and other communists &quot;, op-ed at ZDNet (15 February 2005) http://www.politicsforum.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=45&amp;t=38018 <br class="br">2000s

“We need to teach people to refuse to install non-free plug-ins; we need to teach people to care more about their long-term interest of freedom than their immediate desire to view a particular site.”

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Richard Stallman

&quot;Interview with Richard Stallman: Four Essential Freedoms&quot; Roy Schestowitz, in IT Management (19 December 2007) http://tech-insider.org/free-software/research/2007/1219.html <br class="br">2000s

“Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software free, just like air.”

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Richard Stallman

1980s, GNU Manifesto (1985)

“Calling the whole system "Linux" leads people to think that the system's development was started in 1991 by Linus Torvalds. That is what most users seem to think. The occasional few users that do know about the GNU Project often think we played a secondary role — for example, they say to me, 'Of course I know about GNU — GNU developed some tools that are part of Linux.'”

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Richard Stallman

2000s, Thus Spake Stallman (2000)

“The explanation for "free software" is simple — a person who has grasped the idea of "free speech, not free beer" will not get it wrong again.”

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Richard Stallman

1990s, Why "Free Software" is better than "Open Source" (1998)

“All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would benefit by granting them. But in any particular situation, we have to ask: are we really better off granting such license? What kind of act are we licensing a person to do?”

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Richard Stallman

1980s, GNU Manifesto (1985)

“Prior art is as effective as US soldiers in Iraq: They control the ground they stand on, and nothing more. I used to say Vietnam, but, well, you know…”

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Richard Stallman

In a talk on Software Patents; Frankfurt am Main, Germany, (26 September 2004)
2000s

“Using GPL
is encroaching on our rights
to encroach on yours.”

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Richard Stallman

Poem on opponents of the GPL’s sharing requirements, as quoted in "Stallman joins the Internet, talks net neutrality, patents and more" at NetworkWorld (23 March 2015)
2010s

“Odious ideas are not entitled to hide from criticism behind the human shield of their believers' feelings.”

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Richard Stallman

"Sayings" at Richard Stallman's personal site (c. 2001)
2000s

“It doesn't take special talents to reproduce — even plants can do it. On the other hand, contributing to a program like Emacs takes real skill. That is really something to be proud of. It helps more people, too.”

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Richard Stallman

In response to the news that a colleague would not have as much time to devote to Emacs since the birth of his daughter, in Gmane (27 April 2005) http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.devel/36460 <br class="br">2000s

“Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is the most common basis because it brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.”

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Richard Stallman

1980s, GNU Manifesto (1985)

“Snow is so beautiful, it doesn't have to be useful.”

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Richard Stallman

Parliament Hill Speech, Ottawa, Canada, (2 June 2009)
2000s

“Any time I connect to a website other than Wikipedia, it's through Tor.”

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Richard Stallman

In a video interview https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkkDvKGcNSo around 38:20 (published on February 22, 2016) <br class="br">2010s

“If we are content with knowledge as a commodity, accessible only through a computerized bureaucracy, we can simply let companies provide it. But if we want to keep human knowledge open and freely available to humanity, we have to do the work to make it available that way. We have to write a free encyclopedia.”

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Richard Stallman

&quot;The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource&quot; (1999) http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html <br class="br">1990s

“The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a good job; but its defenders are wrong in assuming it always works this way. If the runners forget why the reward is offered and become intent on winning, no matter how, they may find other strategies — such as, attacking other runners. If the runners get into a fist fight, they will all finish late.
Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist fight.”

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Richard Stallman

1980s, GNU Manifesto (1985)

“There are tremendous actual differences in values. Some value systems, such as the ones that motivate "honor killings", deserve to be morally condemned and rejected. But there are many other variations in values within the bounds of decency.”

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Richard Stallman

&quot;The Zeitgeist Movement&quot; (2009) https://stallman.org/articles/zeitgeist.html <br class="br">2000s

“'The main argument for the term "open source software" is that "free software" makes some people uneasy. That's true: talking about freedom, about ethical issues, about responsibilities as well as convenience, is asking people to think about things they might rather ignore. This can trigger discomfort, and some people may reject the idea for that. It does not follow that society would be better off if we stop talking about these things.”

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Richard Stallman

1990s, Why "Free Software" is better than "Open Source" (1998)

“Publishers and lawyers like to describe copyright as “intellectual property” — a term also applied to patents, trademarks, and other more obscure areas of law. These laws have so little in common, and differ so much, that it is ill-advised to generalize about them. It is best to talk specifically about “copyright,” or about “patents,” or about “trademarks.”
The term “intellectual property” carries a hidden assumption—that the way to think about all these disparate issues is based on an analogy with physical objects, and our conception of them as physical property.
When it comes to copying, this analogy disregards the crucial difference between material objects and information: information can be copied and shared almost effortlessly, while material objects can't be.
To avoid spreading unnecessary bias and confusion, it is best to adopt a firm policy not to speak or even think in terms of “intellectual property”.
The hypocrisy of calling these powers “rights” is starting to make the World “Intellectual Property” Organization embarrassed.”

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Richard Stallman

Words to Avoid (or Use with Care) Because They Are Loaded or Confusing (1996)
1990s

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